Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering 2024; 29(3): 494-504  
Hydrolyzed oyster extracts suppress lipopolysaccharide-mediated inflammation and oxidative stress in RAW264.7 murine macrophages
Seon Yeong Ji1,2 · EunJin Bang1,2 · Hyun Hwangbo1,2 · Min Yeong Kim1,2 · Su Hyun Hong1,2 · Jung-Hyun Shim3,4 · Gi-Young Kim5 · Suengmok Cho6 · Yung Hyun Choi1,2
1 Department of Biochemistry, Dong-eui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan 47227, Korea
2 Basic Research Laboratory for the Regulation of Microplastic-Mediated Diseases and Anti-Aging Research Center, Dong-eui University, Busan 47227, Korea
3 Department of Biomedicine, Health and Life Convergence Sciences, BK21 Four, College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Muan 58554, Korea
4 The China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou 450008, Henan, People’s Republic of China
5 Department of Marine Life Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea
6 Department of Food Science and Technology, Institute of Food Science, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea
Correspondence to: Yung Hyun Choi
choiyh@deu.ac.kr

Seon Yeong Ji, EunJin Bang have contributed equally to this work.
Received: November 21, 2023; Revised: March 5, 2024; Accepted: March 18, 2024; Published online: April 1, 2024.
© The Korean Society for Biotechnology and Bioengineering. All rights reserved.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
Oysters are rich nutrition sources that contain polysaccharides, proteins, peptides, phenolic compounds, minerals, and vitamins. In the search for compounds that exert anti-inflammatory effects in macrophages, we prepared hydrolyzed oyster (Magallana gigas) extracts (HOE) and evaluated their protective effects against inflammation and oxidative stress in RAW264.7 murine macrophages treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). As expected, LPS notably stimulated the generation of inflammatory molecules and associated regulatory proteins. However, HOE effectively blocked these effects in a concentration-dependent manner. This suppressive effect of HOE on inflammation appears to be responsible for blocking nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling. In addition, LPS-mediated reactive oxygen species generation RAW264.7 cells was highly inhibited by HOE treatment, which appears to be partially regulated by nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). Moreover, HOE at high concentrations inhibited pro-inflammatory mediators and cytokines to a greater extent than BAY7085, a pharmacological NF-κB inhibitor, in LPS-treated RAW264.7 cells. Taken together, our results show that HOE effectively inhibits inflammation and oxidative stress via modulating the NF-κB and/or Nrf2 signaling in RAW264.7 macrophages and can be a potential therapeutic agent to prevent inflammation-related diseases.
Keywords: Oyster · Inflammation · Oxidative stress · NF-κB · Nrf2

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